CREATE USER — define a new database user account
CREATE USERname
[ [ WITH ]option
[ ... ] ] whereoption
can be: SYSIDuid
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB | CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER | IN GROUPgroupname
[, ...] | [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password
' | VALID UNTIL 'abstime
'
CREATE USER
adds a new user to a
PostgreSQL database cluster. Refer to
Chapter 17, Database Users and Privileges and Chapter 19, Client Authentication for information about managing
users and authentication. You must be a database superuser to use
this command.
name
The name of the new user.
uid
The SYSID
clause can be used to choose the
PostgreSQL user ID of the new user.
This is normally not necessary, but may
be useful if you need to recreate the owner of an orphaned
object.
If this is not specified, the highest assigned user ID plus one (with a minimum of 100) will be used as default.
CREATEDB
NOCREATEDB
These clauses define a user's ability to create databases. If
CREATEDB
is specified, the user being
defined will be allowed to create his own databases. Using
NOCREATEDB
will deny a user the ability to
create databases. If not specified,
NOCREATEDB
is the default.
CREATEUSER
NOCREATEUSER
These clauses determine whether a user will be permitted to
create new users himself. CREATEUSER
will also make
the user a superuser, who can override all access restrictions.
If not specified,
NOCREATEUSER
is the default.
groupname
A name of an existing group into which to insert the user as a new member. Multiple group names may be listed.
password
Sets the user's password. If you do not plan to use password authentication you can omit this option, but then the user won't be able to connect if you decide to switch to password authentication. The password can be set or changed later, using ALTER USER.
ENCRYPTED
UNENCRYPTED
These key words control whether the password is stored
encrypted in the system catalogs. (If neither is specified,
the default behavior is determined by the configuration
parameter password_encryption.) If the
presented password string is already in MD5-encrypted format,
then it is stored encrypted as-is, regardless of whether
ENCRYPTED
or UNENCRYPTED
is specified
(since the system cannot decrypt the specified encrypted
password string). This allows reloading of encrypted
passwords during dump/restore.
Note that older clients may lack support for the MD5 authentication mechanism that is needed to work with passwords that are stored encrypted.
abstime
The VALID UNTIL
clause sets an absolute
time after which the user's password is no longer valid. If
this clause is omitted the password will be valid for all time.
Use ALTER USER to change the attributes of a user, and DROP USER to remove a user. Use ALTER GROUP to add the user to groups or remove the user from groups.
PostgreSQL includes a program createuser that has
the same functionality as CREATE USER
(in fact, it calls this
command) but can be run from the command shell.
The VALID UNTIL
clause defines an expiration time for a
password only, not for the user account per se. In
particular, the expiration time is not enforced when logging in using
a non-password-based authentication method.
Create a user with no password:
CREATE USER jonathan;
Create a user with a password:
CREATE USER davide WITH PASSWORD 'jw8s0F4';
Create a user with a password that is valid until the end of 2004. After one second has ticked in 2005, the password is no longer valid.
CREATE USER miriam WITH PASSWORD 'jw8s0F4' VALID UNTIL '2005-01-01';
Create an account where the user can create databases:
CREATE USER manuel WITH PASSWORD 'jw8s0F4' CREATEDB;